Recuperator



H. HECKER.

RECUPERATOR.

APPLICATION FILED APR. I2. 1920.

g. 22, 1922, 3 SHEETS*SHEET l.

Patented Au H. HECKER.

` RECUPEHATOR.

APPLxcATloN FILED APR. 12. 1920.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Patented Aug. 22, 1922 Fig.

H. HECKER.

RECUPERATOR.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 12. 1920.

1,426,381. Patented Aug. 22, 1922,

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

side HEINRICH Encima, or HAGEN, GERMANY aEcUrEnaroR;

Specification of'Letters Patent. Patentd Aug. 22, 1922.

Application led April 12', 1920. Serial No. 373,463.

(cammen UNDER THE raovIsIoNs-or THE Aer or MARCH 3, 1921, 41 sur. L., 12313.)

To .all whom t may concern:

Be it known'that I, l-ININRICHv HECKER, citizen of the German Republic, residing at Hagen, in Westphalia, Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Recuperators (for which I have filed applications in Germany May 2, 1918, Patent o. 319,667, and September .10, 1918), of which the following is a' specification.

It is already known to construct recupera-l tors. with the' air ducts disposed parallel with the waste gas ducts by employing channel bricks, of which the channels, registering with each other serve as gas ducts, whilst the ,air ducts are formed by the outer sides of four such channel bricks. AAlthough this mode of construction represents a simpliviication, compared to recuperators constructed of slabs, Vthe use of brick channels as gas ducts entails certain drawbacks; ow'- ing to the dangercf their being choked by rlt, these as'ducts must be made very arge, and t erefore' channel bricks of very large dimensions have to be employed, so

lthat thesel bricks are heavy' and not easily vhandled by the bricklayer, `and are,.besides,

owing to the .A tensions appeari'ngin their walls, apt to crack and burst. If, for the purpose. ofmeeting this last mentioned danger, the walls are made thicker, the weightv will be still further increased, as the area of the channel cannot be'reduced, and the outdimensions musttherefore become larger. Above all the exchange of temperature across the thick walls is muchjimp'aired. When channel 'bricks are employed as gas ducts, it will only be possible to meet the stipulation of disposing for thepurpose of a better utilization of the heat, small air ducts beside large gas ducts, by employing between the channel bricks special intermediate bricks of a different size. This will, however, require much attention and care 'i of the bricklayer, and delays the erection,

beside raising the cost thereof, the same as theuse of special molded slabsffor the same purpose. With such molded slabs, furthermore, the large number of joints, and the therefrom resultin tendency towards leakages in the channes should be considered. For constructing a recuperator with compartively small and easily heated air ducts running arallel to the roomv gas ducts, and for simp ifying the construction of the same so that a single small type of brick may be employed, the present invention provides .that the channels ofthe said bricks shall not be used as gasducts but as air ducts. For

this purpose channel'bricks with a rectanguf lar channel .are-employed, which, on their outside have a flat hexagonal shape., having two opposite long sides and four shorter, 1

equal sides, Four such bricks are placed tov,this case, -be made with thinwalls andensure a goodexchange of temperature.- Besides they are of small dimensions and of a moderateweight, and above all, of a uniform type, so that the erection of the recuperat-or `is simplified and easy. The stipullation for a su'iiicient tightness of the. joints is, at the same time, met by the overlap of the bricks in the joint, not extending, as with the known channel brick types or slab constructions, lto the thickness of one wall only, and the depth of the joint being at the least equalthe thickness of channel brick, i. e.V the thickness of two walls plus the shorter Width of. the intervening channel. Owing to the truncated ends of the. brick, the joint willbe still longer and of a tortuous line. .Furthermore the coped ends of the hexagonal bricks to be joined in `the joint have, at'both ends -alternated rectangular lugs disposed in the longitudinal -axis of the brick, so that the joints form a zig-zag line.

These rectangular lugs, besides have the 'advantage, of affording a horizontal bearing surface. and thereby simplifying' the la in of the bricks, whereas the obliouef sur g .aces

would cause a lateral pressing away of the bricks standing on edge' 'by those placed over and across them. j

In building-recuperators of the kind dcscribed, the jpints in the air ducts between the individual bricks and between such tofore.

@ne missing brick may considerably delay the erection. Also here the present invention will facilitate the building of the re cuperator, as the tops of the recuperators are constructed ot channel bricks of the same cross section as the ducts, with the only difference that these bricks, -in order to make a straight run of the gas lues possible, for connecting the air ducts to the leading in and leading out conduits or for connecting them the one to. the other, are closed at' one end and arev formed with recesses either on one or both sides at the ends intended for bonding. `Thus for the construction of the ends of the recuperators, apart from the outer covering which may be carried out -in any manner, only two kinds of bricks are required, all of which, however, have the same external shape as the channel bricks of the filles. A direct advantage of this construction lies inthe simplified manufacture of the recuperator bricks,ias the number of the shapes is educed to al minimum. Furthermore tie construction of the ends is carried out in a much shorter time than was possiblel here- Especially all intermediate bricks required heretofore are dispensed with, which were-required in groups for dividing the air lues.. T he connection of the air iiues is thus no longer eiiected by leaving away intermediate bricks but solely by exclusively air duct bricks being employed of the same outline as the other bricks, only with the dit'erence that the former have recesses at given points. l

The drawing shows a constructional form of the recuperator according to the present invention byA way of example.' Fig. 'lis a longitudinal section. Fig. 2 is a cross section according to line'Qf--Q in Fig. 1. Figs. 3--9 show the construction for connecting the air ducts. Fig. 3 being a cross section on the line 3-3 in Fig. 5, Fig. 4 a cross section on the line 4 4' in Fig. 5,'and Fig. 5 a

vertical section on the linee- 5 in Fig. 4.-

F ig. 6 is a horizontal section on the vlines a-a, b-Sb in Fig. 5, Fig. 7 vertical section on the line 7-7 in Fig. 3, and 4, respectively, Fig. 8 is a section on the line 8 8 in Fig. 5 and Fig. 9 is a section on the line` 9-9 in Fig. 7. l

As particularly shown in Fig. 2, the Whole recuperator is built up out of the air channel bricks a, so that the gas ducts g are formed by laying and standing the bricks.

A specially formed brick b has the object of completing the bottoms, tops and sidesy of the recuperator so as to form plane surface. It may be seen from the longitudinal section Fig. 1,-that the whole of the'recuperator can be built up out of the air channel bricks a. lf it should appear preferable to give the gas ducts g a rectangular section instead of a square one, twc .lit-ferent kinds Leaesi ot air duct bricks of different height are employed. The gas .ducts g and the air ducts Z may, of course be equally well disposed vertically as horizontally.

containing the respective communications for the air ducts Z and Z specially formed bricks c and a2 are used, which have the same cross section as the duct bricks a, employed for building the horizontal and vertical air ducts Zand Z respectively. In other words the bricks a and a2 have likewise bevel bonding joint surfaces, and thereon supporting lugs. the bricks a between each other and compared to the bricks a consists therein that the bricks a have besides a front side, recesses on both sides at the pointed ends, where the oblique joints and lugs are, so that the air in the leading in and the leading out conduits, and at the other end of the recuperator at the places where the air is reversed can distribute itself over all the air ducts Z and Z,-respectively, grouped in clusters.

yllhe channel bricks a are used both for connecting the vertical air` iues Z and the horizontal air iiue's Z, as may be seen from Figs.l 3 and 4. At the places, where one cluster `of iues is to be closed against the other, bricks a2 are used, which are recessed only at one of their pointed ends. Both kinds of bricks a and 0:2 are closed at one front end, so that the necessary closing relatively to the waste gas ducts and of the fines Z and Z, relative to one another is obtained. At the places where thelconnecting ducts are carried through it is necessary to build i'nbricks a, which are similar to those forming the lues; and in` which the lugs are rccessed. This, however, does not necessitate any special shapes of bricks. y

For obtaining a greater tightness of the diagonal joints these are preferably made stepped, as may be seen from the drawing.

l claim:

1. A recuperator with air ducts, running Aparallel to the gas ducts, built up ot' bricks rlhe difference between- Maasai that four of such bricks may be `placed together to form the brick work structure.

2. A recuperator with air ducts, running parallel to the gas ducts, built up of bricks with a flattened rectangular channel, said bricks having a cross section of hexagonal shape with two opposite and parallel longer sides and four equal shorter sides, the said bricks forming with their longer sides the gas ducts, each of which being surrounded on all four sides by the channels in saidl bricks, which form with their'shorter sides of the hexagonal cross section pointed ends, tha-t four of such bricks may be placed togetherto form the brick work structure, said bricks Abeing provided on their pointed ends with four cornered lugs disposed sideways to the longitudinal axis and alternatingrelatively to each other.

3. A recuperator with air ducts, running parallel tothe gas ducts, built up of bricks with a flattened rectangular channel, said bricks having a cross section of hexagonal shape with two opposite and parallel longer sides and four equal shorter sides, the said bricks forming with their longer sides the gas ducts, each of which being surrounded on all four sides by the channels in said bricks, which form with their shorter sides of the hexagonal cross section pointed ends, that four of such bricks may be place-d together to form the brick Work structure, said bricks being provided on their pointed ends with four cornered lugs disposed sideways to the longitudinal axis and alternating relatively to each other, the heads of the recuperator being composed of channel bricks of the same cross section 'as those forming the air ducts but closed at one end, and the connectionv 'of the air ducts between each other andto the leading in and leading out conduits being produced by recesses onl the sides of the bonding of said bricks.

In testimony whereof l aiix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

HElNR-ICH HECKER,

Witnesses EUGEN GODFREY, ALBERT ZUssE. 

